best location to give elderly b12 injections Where Inject Vitamin How to self-inject intramuscular vitamin

This is the catch-22 we discussed earlier in the article

Mucoadhesive sublingual solution containing 5mg methylcobalamin, 1.5% chitosan & 15% P.G

However, they would most likely be less effective for those whose bodily mechanism is unable to absorb B12 sufficiently from the gastrointestinal system

The decline of NAD + with age results from three converging factors: (1) increased activity of CD38, a NADase whose expression increases with age-related chronic inflammation (inflammaging), (2) reduced biosynthesis via the NAMPT (nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase) and NMN pathways, and (3) increased demand for NAD+ by PARP-1 to repair increasing oxidative DNA damage