high glutathione concentrations Glutathione: Master Antioxidant, Reducing Oxidative Stress, and Detoxification Low cellular pyridoxal 5ʹ-phosphate levels

-aminobutyric acid from Lactobacillus reuteri alleviates pathology by activating the Akt/GSK3/GPX4 axis (129), emodin upregulates the mitochondrial protein ubiquitin-cytochrome C reductase core protein 1 to suppress ferroptosis (130) and corilagin protects neurons by regulating the Toll-like receptor 4/Src/NOX2 pathway (131)

Recombinant proteins were separated using Bolt 412% Bis-Tris or NuPAGE 38% Tris-Acetate gels and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes with the iBlot 2 Dry Blotting System (all Thermo Fisher Scientific)

Transforming these research findings into stable, reliable and easily accessible clinical diagnostic tools remains a significant challenge

To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate that glutathione supplementation improves aerobic metabolism in skeletal muscle, leading to reduced exercise-induced muscle fatigue