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187 Notably, NAD + augmentation improves DNA repair through improving the neuronal NHEJ activity in AD mice

They are found in leukocytes and other immunocompetent cells, such as neutrophils, monocytes, mast cells, eosinophils, and basophils

Short-term exposure to PM 2.5 -bound Cu in asthmatics is associated with a rapid decline in lung function in maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) and a significant increase in IL-23 in the epithelial lining fluid (ELF), which, in addition to acting as a pro-inflammatory factor, promotes Th17 differentiation, disrupts the Th17/Treg balance, and increases IL-17 levels, leading to the development of asthma (Liu et al., 2023)

Additionally, transferrin receptor protein 1 (Tfr1), the major vehicle of iron delivery into cells, also was significantly upregulated in AD mice